| COMMAND | DESCRIPTION |
| Navigation | |
| pwd | Displays the current working directory. |
| ls | Lists the contents of a directory. |
| cd | Changes to a different directory. |
| tree | Displays the directory structure in tree form. |
| File management | |
| cp | Copies files or directories. |
| MV | Moves or renames files or directories. |
| rm | Deletes files or directories. |
| mkdir | Creates a new directory. |
| rmdir | Deletes an empty directory. |
| Touch | Creates an empty file or updates the timestamp of an existing file. |
| ln | Creates a link to a file (hard or symbolic). |
| find | Searches directories for files that match certain criteria. |
| locate | Finds files based on a naming pattern. |
| updatedb | Updates the database for locate. |
| cat | Displays the contents of a file. |
| less | Allows you to scroll through the contents of a file page by page. |
| head | Displays the first few lines of a file. |
| tail | Displays the last lines of a file. |
| diff | Compares the contents of two files. |
| chmod | Changes the access rights of files or directories. |
| Chown | Changes the owner and/or group of a file or directory. |
| chgrp | Changes the group membership of a file or directory. |
| File System Mounting | |
| mount | Mounts a file system. |
| umount | Unmounts a file system. |
| df | Displays the available and used space of the mounted file systems. |
| you | Displays the amount of space that files and directories occupy. |
| blkid | Displays the UUIDs and types of file systems on block devices. |
| LSBLK | Lists information about all available block devices. |
| fdisk | Partitions disks (for MBR partition tables). |
| parted | Partitions hard drives (supports GPT and MBR). |
| mkfs | Creates a new file system on a partition. |
| fsck | Checks and repairs file systems. |
| tune2fs | Adjusts parameters of ext2/ext3/ext4 file systems. |
| resize2fs | Resizes an ext2/ext3/ext4 file system. |
| xfs_info | Displays information about an XFS file system. |
| xfs_growfs | Increases the size of an XFS file system. |
| xfs_repair | Repairs an XFS file system. |
| btrfs | Btrfs file system management tool. |
| mount.cifs | Mounts a CIFS/SMB network file system. |
| mount.nfs | Mounts an NFS network file system. |
| ExportFS | Exports local directories for NFS clients. |
| nfsstat | Displays NFS statistics. |
| showmount | Displays the directories shared on an NFS server. |
| Autofs | Automatically mount file systems on demand. |
| systemctl | Manage system services, such as starting/stopping the autofs service. |
| fstab | Configuration file for automatic mount points at system startup. |
| mkswap | Creates a swap partition. |
| swapon | Activates a swap partition. |
| Swapoff | Disables a swap partition. |
| lsattr | Displays the extended attributes of files. |
| chattr | Changes the extended attributes of files. |
| stat | Displays detailed information about a file or directory. |
| file | Determines the file type of a file. |
| sync | Writes all buffered data to disk. |
| lsof | Lists open files and their associated processes. |
| inotifywait | Monitors file system events in real-time. |
